sham operation

During the 2nd and 3rd days of water maze experiment, the time for the rat reaching terminal was significantly shortened in sham operation group, model plus traditional Chinese medicine group and model plus western medicine group as compared with model group ( P < 0.05).

第2天及第3天的水迷宫实验中，假手术组、模型加中药组、模型加西药组到达终点的时间明显短于模型组（P<0.05）。

Sham operation was performed on the control group which was exposed to normal atmosphere.

对照组作假手术，置于自然空气中；

The normal group only did sham operation.

另10只作为正常组。

Sham operation group and osteoporosis model group received normal feeding.

假手术组和骨质疏松模型组正常饲养。

Results No microglia was found in the normal and sham operation groups.

结果：正常组和假手术组小胶质细胞未见显色。

METHOD: 52 female SD rats were allocated into 5 groups: SHAM, OVX, CEE3, TIP 100 and TIP 20. Except rats in SHAM group which were made sham operation, the other rats were bilaterally ovariectomized.

方法：52只雌性SD大鼠分为假手术、模型、尼尔雌醇（CEE3）、TIP100和TIP20共5组。

METHODS: The experiment was conducted at the Staff Room of Neurobiology, Luzhou Medical College between September 2004 and January 2005. Sixty male adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: Sham operation group with 30 rats and ischemic/ reperfusion group with 30 rats.

方法：实验于2004-09/2005-01在泸州医学院神经生物学教研室进行。将雄性成年Wistar大鼠60只随机分为2组：假手术组30只和缺血再灌注组30只。

Materials& methods: Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups i.e, varicocele group ( VG) and sham operation group ( SOG). After three months, bilateral testes were removed to make ultrathin section and their mitochondria were isolated.

方法：将精索静脉曲张模型组（VG）和假手术组（SOG）Wistar大鼠于术后3个月，取双侧睾丸，制作超薄切片和分离线粒体，各指标测定按试剂盒说明书进行。

No rotary behavior appeared in the normal control group and sham operation group.

正常对照组、假手术组无旋转行为。

The procedure to establish the sham operation group was similar to the operation group but without inserting thread into middle cerebral artery. The expression of MSK, caspase-3, and INOS in rat brain were measured by immunoblotting.

假手术组：只将线栓插到ECA、ICA分叉处，其余手术步骤同手术组。运用免疫印迹方法检测大鼠脑组织中MSK，Caspase-3和INOS的表达。